p.p. rings and reduced rings

On Commutative Reduced Baer Rings

It is shown that a commutative reduced ring R is a Baer ring if and only if it is a CS-ring; if and only if every dense subset of Spec (R) containing Max (R) is an extremally disconnected space; if and only if every non-zero ideal of R is essential in a principal ideal generated by an idempotent.

Quasi - Reduced Rings

Let R be an arbitrary ring with identity. In this paper, we introduce quasi-reduced rings as a generalization of reduced rings and investigate their properties. The ring R is called quasi-reduced if for any a, b ∈ R, ab = 0 implies (aR) ∩ (Rb) is contained in the center of R. We prove that some results of reduced rings can be extended to quasi-reduced rings for this general settings. 2010 Mathe...

on commutative reduced baer rings

it is shown that a commutative reduced ring r is a baer ring if and only if it is a cs-ring; if and only if every dense subset of spec (r) containing max (r) is an extremally disconnected space; if and only if every non-zero ideal of r is essential in a principal ideal generated by an idempotent.

Characterizing Reduced Witt Rings Ii

Reduced p.p.-rings without identity

Throughout this paper, the ring R is not necessarily with an identity. We denote the set of all idempotents of R by E(R). Also, for a subset X ⊆ R, we denote the right (resp., left) annihilator of X in R by annr(X) (resp., ann (X)). Now, according to Fraser and Nicholson in [5], we call a ring R a left p.p.-ring, in brevity, l.p.p.-ring, if for all x ∈ R, there exists an idempotent e such that ...